7/25/2023 0 Comments Cbc sodium normal rangeHIGH (main cause for concern): metabolic acidosis (DKA, aspirin toxicity, renal failure).It detects the gap or difference between positively and negatively charged electrolytes. It assesses for acid-base imbalance by looking at certain electrolytes from the metabolic panel (sodium, chloride, potassium, and bicarbonate).This is sometimes listed on the metabolic panel.LOW: increase acid in blood (metabolic acidosis), diabetic ketoacidosis, aspirin toxicity.Therefore, a low and high level of total CO2, hence bicarbonate results in: It plays an important role with the acid-base balance in the body. NOTE: Total carbon dioxide in the blood is mainly in the form of bicarbonate.HYPERkalemia: renal failure, medications: ACE inhibitors, potassium-sparing diuretics, Addison’s Disease (low aldosterone production causes the kidneys to keep more potassium which increase’s blood levels). HYPOkalemia: medications: loop diuretics and corticosteroids, fluid loss: vomiting, diarrhea, Cushing’s Syndrome (high aldosterone production causes the kidneys to excrete more potassium which lowers blood levels).HYPERchloremia: renal failure, medications: corticosteroids/diuretics.HYPOchloremia: lung disease (emphysema), medications: loop diuretics, diarrhea/vomiting.HYPERnatremia: hypercortisolism ( Cushing’s Syndrome), fluid loss that results in dehydration, renal insufficiency.HYPOnatremia: diarrhea, medications (diuretics: thiazides), renal insufficiency.HYPERcalcemia: increase parathyroid activity, high vitamin D intake (vitamin D helps with the absorption of calcium).Causes: parathyroid insufficiency (this gland regulates calcium levels), poor intake of calcium rich foods, low vitamin D levels.Causes: diabetes, medications likes corticosteroids.Causes: too much insulin or diabetic medication.Glucose: 70–100 mg/dL (fasting range)….NOT fasting range can extend up to 125 mg/dL *Both the BMP and CMP assesses the following: Glucose, Sodium, Chloride, Potassium, CO2, BUN, Creatinine PLUS ALP, AST, ALT, Bilirubin, Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin Metabolic Panel Normal Lab Ranges & Causes of Abnormal Results Glucose, Calcium, Sodium, Chloride, Potassium, CO2, BUN, Creatinine Comprehensive Metabolic Panel assesses: Two ways a physician orders a metabolic panel: Therefore, be aware of that when assessing results. For example, one lab or source may say a normal range is 12.5-20.5….while another one may say 10.5-22.5. NOTE: Normal lab value ranges vary among laboratories and sources. Therefore, if you have the approximate lab range memorized you will be able to recognize the abnormal range. It’s important to point out that exam questions will test you are the normal lab value ranges, and they will give you values that are noticeably abnormal…rather than close to normal. Liver function *only the CMP assesses this part.The metabolic panel is collected through a blood draw in the vein and it assesses: Basic knowledge of the causes of abnormal results on the panel.Normal lab value ranges for each part of the panel.What do you need to know about the metabolic panel for exams and as a nurse? Why is it so important to know about a BMP or CMP? This blood test is a very common test ordered on a patient in the hospital and is just as common as the CBC (which we discussed in the previous review).
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